Which figure played a significant role in transitioning Israel from judges to monarchy?

The figure who played a significant role in transitioning Israel from judges to monarchy is Samuel. He was both a prophet and a judge who served as a key leader during a time of crisis for Israel when the people called for a king. Samuel was chosen by God to lead the nation, and it was under his authority that the Israelites made the pivotal decision to reject the system of judges and seek a monarchy, primarily because they wanted to be like other nations.

Samuel not only facilitated the transition by anointing both Saul and later David as kings but also provided the necessary spiritual and political framework during this significant change. His role emphasizes the importance of prophetic leadership in governance and reflects the tension between divine authority and human desire for kingship. This transition marked a critical turning point in Israelite history, shifting their identity and governance from a tribal confederation led by judges to a centralized monarchy.

The other options, while important figures in the history of Israel, do not have the same direct role in the transition process as Samuel does. David is significant as a king and the ideal monarch, Saul was the first king anointed by Samuel, and Nathan was a prophet during David's reign, but it was Samuel who oversaw the entire movement towards kingship.