Which prophet rebuked David for his adultery and murder?

The prophet who rebuked David for his adultery and murder is Nathan. This confrontation is a significant episode in the biblical narrative, specifically found in 2 Samuel 12. Nathan approaches King David after the events involving Bathsheba, where David committed adultery and orchestrated the death of her husband, Uriah, to cover up his sin. Nathan employs a parable about a rich man who steals a poor man's only lamb to illustrate the grave injustice of David's actions, effectively leading David to recognize his wrongdoing.

This moment is pivotal as it marks a turning point for David, who acknowledges his sin and begins a process of repentance. Nathan's role serves not just as a rebuker but also as a representative of God's voice, emphasizing the accountability of even the king to divine law.

In contrast, the other prophets listed—Elijah, Isaiah, and Jeremiah—were each called to address different issues in Israel's history, but they did not confront David in this manner regarding his specific transgressions. Elijah is known for his confrontations with Ahab and Baal worship, Isaiah for his prophecies regarding judgment and hope, and Jeremiah for his messages during the fall of Jerusalem and the impending exile. Thus, Nathan